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Growth & Development

What should you expect as your child grows? Learn to understand and deal with your child's changing body and mind from infancy through the teen years.

Communication

Communication and Your Newborn

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Do you remember your baby's very first cry? From the mo...

Communication and Your 1- to 3-Month-Old

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD After the newborn stage, you and your baby will start t...

Communication and Your 4- to 7-Month-Old

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Your baby's range of sounds and facial expressions cont...

Communication and Your 8- to 12-Month-Old

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD In these months, your baby might say "mama" or "dada" f...

Communication and Your 1- to 2-Year-Old

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Language development starts to take off during this tim...

Communication and Your 2- to 3-Year-Old

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Communicating with our kids is one of the most pleasura...

Communication and Your 4- to 5-Year-Old

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Communicating with our kids is one of the most pleasura...

Communication and Your 6- to 12-Year-Old

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD As kids enter their school years, they become increasin...

Communication and Your 13- to 18-Year-Old

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin During this period, teens spend much of the day outside the...

Delayed Speech or Language Development

Medically reviewed by: Julia K. Hartnett, MS, CCC-SLP As with other skills and milestones, the a...

Does My Toddler Have a Language Delay?

Medically reviewed by: Julia K. Hartnett, MS, CCC-SLP My 2½-year-old daughter seems to talk less...

Hearing Aids

Medically reviewed by: Danielle Inverso, AuD, PhD What Are Hearing Aids? Hearing aids are the m...

Hearing Loss

Medically reviewed by: Danielle Inverso, AuD, PhD What Is Hearing Loss? Kids who have hearing l...

I Think My Child Might Have Autism. What Should I Do?

Medically reviewed by: Leslie A. Gavin, Phd If you’re worried about your child’s development and...

Managing Your Toddler's Behavior (Video)

Medically reviewed by: KidsHealth Medical Experts Toddlers learn new skills and test boundaries ...

Feeding & Eating

Breastfeeding FAQs: Getting Started

Medically reviewed by: Jamila H. Richardson, BSN, RN, IBCLC and Kristen Littleton, IBCLC Breastf...

Breastfeeding FAQs: How Much and How Often

Medically reviewed by: Kristen Littleton, IBCLC and Jamila H. Richardson, BSN, RN, IBCLC Breastf...

Breastfeeding FAQs: Out and About

Medically reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD Some new moms might feel a little nervous abou...

Breastfeeding FAQs: Pain and Discomfort

Medically reviewed by: Kristen Littleton, IBCLC Breastfeeding is natural, but it takes practice ...

Breastfeeding FAQs: Pumping

Medically reviewed by: Kristen Littleton, IBCLC Many breastfeeding moms pump their breast milk t...

Breastfeeding FAQs: Safely Storing Breast Milk

en español: Preguntas más frecuentes sobre la lactancia materna: Conservación segura de la leche ...

Breastfeeding FAQs: Sleep — Yours and Your Baby's

en español: Preguntas más frecuentes sobre la lactancia materna: El sueño suyo y el de su bebé A...

Formula Feeding FAQs: Getting Started

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Whether you plan to formula feed your baby from the sta...

Breastfeeding FAQs: Solids and Supplementing

en español: Preguntas más frecuentes sobre la lactancia materna: Sólidos y biberones suplementari...

Formula Feeding FAQs: How Much and How Often

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Whether you plan to formula feed your baby from the sta...

Breastfeeding FAQs: Some Common Concerns

en español: Preguntas más frecuentes sobre la lactancia materna: Preocupaciones más frecuentes A...

Formula Feeding FAQs: Preparation and Storage

Medically reviewed by: Melanie L. Pitone, MD Whether you plan to formula feed your baby from the...

Formula Feeding FAQs: Some Common Concerns

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Whether you plan to formula feed your baby from the sta...

Breastfeeding FAQs: Supply and Demand

Article: https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/breastfeed-supply.html  Medically reviewed by: Jamila...

Formula Feeding FAQs: Starting Solids and Milk

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Whether you plan to formula feed your baby from the sta...

Breastfeeding FAQs: Your Eating and Drinking Habits

en español: Preguntas más frecuentes sobre la lactancia materna: Sus hábitos de ingesta y de bebi...

Breastfeeding vs. Formula Feeding

Medically reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD Choosing whether to breastfeed or formula feed...

Caffeine

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD What Is Caffeine? Caffeine is a natural stimulant foun...

Calcium

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD What Is Calcium? Calcium is a mineral that builds stro...

Carbohydrates and Sugar

Medically reviewed by: KidsHealth Medical Experts What Are Carbohydrates? Carbohydrates are the...

Cleft Lip/Cleft Palate: Feeding Your Child

Medically reviewed by: Ani Danelz, MA, CCC-SLP When a baby is born with a cleft, it's important ...

Fats

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD What Are Fats? Fats are nutrients in food that the bod...

Feeding Your Newborn

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD How you feed your newborn is the first nutrition decisi...

Feeding Your 1- to 3-Month-Old

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD During your baby's first 3 months, breast milk or formu...

Feeding Your 4- to 7-Month-Old

Medically reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD Most babies this age are ready to try solid fo...

Feeding Your 8- to 12-Month-Old

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD By 8 months old, most babies are pros at handling the i...

Feeding Your 1- to 2-Year-Old

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Toddlers this age are moving toward a diet more like yo...

Feeding Your Family on a Tight Budget

Medically reviewed by: Kate M. Cronan, MD and Estherline Thoby, DO Why Can it Be Hard to Feed a ...

Fiber

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD What Is Fiber? Fiber is a type of carbohydrate that th...

Food Allergies

Medically reviewed by: Larissa Hirsch, MD What Are Food Allergies? A food allergy happens when ...

Iron

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD What Is Iron? Iron is a mineral found in plants and an...

Nutrition Guide for Toddlers

Medically reviewed by: Larissa Hirsch, MD During the first year of life, babies get most of thei...

Weaning Your Child

Medically reviewed by: Madhu Desiraju, MD What Is Weaning? Weaning is when a baby moves from br...

Growing Up

Breath-Holding Spells

Medically reviewed by: Amy W. Anzilotti, MD What Is a Breath-Holding Spell? A breath holding sp...

Colic

Medically reviewed by: Melanie L. Pitone, MD What Is Colic? Colic is when a healthy baby cries ...

Deodorant Use for Kids and Teens

Medically reviewed by: Melanie L. Pitone, MD For most kids, body odor is part of growing up. Kid...

Disciplining Your Toddler

Medically reviewed by: Lisa M. Buckloh, PhD Are there any parents who haven't felt complete and ...

Managing Your Toddler's Behavior (Video)

Medically reviewed by: KidsHealth Medical Experts Toddlers learn new skills and test boundaries ...

PMS, Cramps, and Irregular Periods

Medically reviewed by: Krishna Wood White, MD, MPH Periods can cause some uncomfortable symptoms...

Potty Training Your Child (Video)

Medically reviewed by: KidsHealth Medical Experts Every parent wonders when they can finally say...

Signing Kids Up for Sports

Medically reviewed by: Amy W. Anzilotti, MD Kids get many benefits from playing sports. But befo...

Talking to Your Child About Periods

Medically reviewed by: Robyn R. Miller, MD Talking about personal subjects like periods (menstru...

Talking to Your Child About Puberty

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Start "The Talks" Early Kids see and hear a lot about ...

Teaching Kids About Their Bodies

Medically reviewed by: Larissa Hirsch, MD Teaching kids about their bodies and what is private c...

Teething Tots

Medically reviewed by: Larissa Hirsch, MD What Is Teething? Teething is when teeth first come t...

Understanding Puberty

Medically reviewed by: Amy W. Anzilotti, MD Puberty is the time when kids mature into young adul...

When Your Baby's Born Premature

Medically reviewed by: Lynn M. Fuchs, MD What Is Prematurity? Babies born more than 3 weeks ear...

Your Child's Changing Voice

Medically reviewed by: Melanie L. Pitone, MD Along with obvious changes in physical appearance t...

Your Child's Growth

Medically reviewed by: Madhu Desiraju, MD What Is Growth? Physical growth refers to the increas...

Growth

Body Mass Index (BMI)

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD What Is BMI? Body mass index (BMI) is a calculation th...

Delayed Puberty

Medically reviewed by: Tal Grunwald, MD What Is Delayed Puberty? Puberty is the time when a chi...

Developmental Milestones: 12 Months (1 Year)

Medically reviewed by: Larissa Hirsch, MD Doctors use certain milestones to tell if a toddler is...

Developmental Milestones: 18 Months (1.5 Years)

Medically reviewed by: Larissa Hirsch, MD Doctors use milestones to tell if a toddler is develop...

Dwarfism

Medically reviewed by: Andrea Schelhaas, MS, CGC What Is Dwarfism? Here are some facts that peo...

Failure to Thrive

Medically reviewed by: Yamini Durani, MD What Is Failure to Thrive? When growing kids don't gai...

Flat Feet

Medically reviewed by: Kathryn A. Ritacco, PA-C What Are Flat Feet? Flat feet are feet that do ...

Growing Pains

Medically reviewed by: Lauren Kostelnik, MD Growing pains are leg pains and soreness that happen...

Growth and Your 1- to 2-Year-Old

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD You're in for many changes! By midway through this year...

Growth and Your 2- to 3-Year-Old

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD During the third year of life, most toddlers gain about...

Growth and Your 4- to 5-Year-Old

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Kids at this age are still very physical, but they lear...

Growth and Your 6- to 12-Year-Old

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD As kids grow from grade-schoolers to preteens, there co...

Growth and Your 13- to 18-Year-Old

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Teens going through puberty will have many changes in t...

Growth Charts

Medically reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD What Are Growth Charts? Kids grow at their ow...

Your Baby's Growth: 1 Month

Medically reviewed by: Amy W. Anzilotti, MD Babies grow quickly in both weight and length this m...

Your Baby's Growth: 2 Months

Medically reviewed by: Amy W. Anzilotti, MD Babies continue to grow quickly in weight and length...

Your Baby's Growth: 3 Months

Medically reviewed by: Amy W. Anzilotti, MD Most babies continue to grow in weight and length th...

Your Baby's Growth: 4 Months

Medically reviewed by: Amy W. Anzilotti, MD Babies this age continue to grow in size, and in wha...

Your Baby's Growth: 5 Months

Medically reviewed by: Amy W. Anzilotti, MD Babies this age continue to grow in size, and in wha...

Your Baby's Growth: 6 Months

Medically reviewed by: Amy W. Anzilotti, MD Babies this age continue to grow in size, and in wha...

Your Baby's Growth: 7 Months

Medically reviewed by: Amy W. Anzilotti, MD Babies this age continue to grow — in size, physical...

Your Baby's Growth: 8 Months

Medically reviewed by: Amy W. Anzilotti, MD Babies this age continue to grow — in size, physical...

Your Baby's Growth: 9 Months

Medically reviewed by: Amy W. Anzilotti, MD Your baby continues to grow and develop in many ways...

Your Baby's Growth: 10 Months

Medically reviewed by: Amy W. Anzilotti, MD Your baby continues to grow and develop in many ways...

Your Baby's Growth: 11 Months

Medically reviewed by: Amy W. Anzilotti, MD Your baby continues to grow and develop in many ways...

Your Baby's Growth: 12 Months

Medically reviewed by: Amy W. Anzilotti, MD Your baby continues to grow, but not as quickly as b...

Your Child's Development: Newborn

Medically reviewed by: Brittany A. Perry, DO From the moment babies are born, they respond to th...

Your Child's Development: 3-5 Days

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Though only a few days old, your baby already is able t...

Your Child's Development: 1 Month

Medically reviewed by: Brittany A. Perry, DO Have you noticed how your baby's tiny fingers curl ...

Your Child's Development: 2 Months

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Doctors use certain milestones to tell if a baby is dev...

Your Child's Development: 4 Months

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Doctors use certain milestones to tell if a baby is dev...

Your Child's Development: 6 Months

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Doctors use milestones to tell if a baby is developing ...

Your Child's Development: 9 Months

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Doctors use certain milestones to tell if a baby is dev...

Your Child's Development: 15 Months

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin Doctors use certain milestones to tell if a toddler is deve...

Your Child's Development: 2 Years (24 Months)

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Doctors use certain milestones to tell if a toddler is ...

Your Child's Development: 2.5 Years (30 Months)

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Doctors use certain milestones to tell if a toddler is ...

Your Child's Development: 3 Years

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Doctors use certain milestones to tell if a preschooler...

Your Newborn's Growth

Medically reviewed by: Madhu Desiraju, MD From your baby's first day, doctors will keep track of...

Learning & Play

10 Ways to Help Your Child Succeed in Elementary School

Medically reviewed by: Larissa Hirsch, MD Support from their parents helps kids do well academic...

10 Ways to Help Your Child Succeed in Middle School

Medically reviewed by: Larissa Hirsch, MD Parental support plays an important part in helping st...

10 Ways to Help Your Teen Succeed in High School

Medically reviewed by: Larissa Hirsch, MD Parents can play a vital role in helping teens succeed...

Choosing Safe Toys

Medically reviewed by: KidsHealth Medical Experts Toys are a fun and important part of every chi...

Choosing Safe Toys for School-Age Kids

Medically reviewed by: KidsHealth Medical Experts Each year, hospital emergency departments trea...

Choosing Safe Toys for Toddlers and Preschoolers

Medically reviewed by: KidsHealth Medical Experts Toys are an important and fun part of every ch...

Cooking With Preschoolers

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Cooking can help young kids learn and practice some bas...

Gifted Education

Medically reviewed by: KidsHealth Medical Experts Many parents believe their children should be ...

Help Your Child Get Organized

Medically reviewed by: KidsHealth Experts Most kids generate a little chaos and disorganization....

Individualized Education Programs (IEPs)

Medically reviewed by: Colleen O'Shea, M.Ed What's an IEP? Students who need extra help and sup...

Learning, Play, and Your Newborn

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Play is the main way that infants learn how to move, co...

Learning, Play, and Your 1- to 3-Month-Old

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD After learning to recognize your voice, your face, and ...

Learning, Play, and Your 4- to 7-Month-Old

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD By 4 months old, your baby has learned to recognize you...

Learning, Play, and Your 8- to 12-Month-Old

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD Your child has gone from tiny newborn to curious infant...

Learning, Play, and Your 1- to 2-Year-Old

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin Kids transition from babies to toddlers during the second y...

Rainy Day Fun

Medically reviewed by: KidsHealth Medical Experts When rain or snow puts a damper on playing out...

Safe Exploring for Preschoolers

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin Ready to Explore Kids ages 3-5 have tons of energy and are...

Safe Exploring for Toddlers

Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin On the Move Toddlers — it's hard to imagine a more fitting...

School-Age Readers

Medically reviewed by: Cynthia M. Zettler-Greeley, PhD Listening and Learning From kindergarten...

Smart Toys for Every Age

Medically reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD If you've ever marveled at the look of concent...

Story Time for Preschoolers

Medically reviewed by: Kandia N. Lewis, PhD Moving Toward School and Reading Preschoolers know ...

The Magic of Play: How It Inspires & Aids Early Development

Medically reviewed by: KidsHealth Experts Parents of preschoolers have a front-row seat to some ...

Toddler Reading Time

Medically reviewed by: Kandia N. Lewis, PhD What Are the Benefits of Reading to My Toddler? Kid...

Medical Care

13-Year-Old Well-Child Checkup

Medically reviewed by: Larissa Hirsch, MD What Happens at the Visit? At your 13-year-old's well...

4-Month-Old Well-Child Checkup

Medically reviewed by: Larissa Hirsch, MD What Happens at the Visit?  At your 4-month-old’s wel...

Getting the Most From a Doctor's Visit

Medically reviewed by: Larissa Hirsch, MD Your child's doctor is a key resource when you have qu...

Going to the Emergency Room

Medically reviewed by: Yamini Durani, MD When your child is sick or injured, it's natural to wan...

Health Screening Tests

Medically reviewed by: Kevin P. Sheahan, MD What Are Health Screening Tests? Health screening t...

How Can I Comfort My Baby During Shots?

Medically reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD My baby cries so much when getting a shot. How...

Medical Care and Your Newborn

Medically reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD You'll see your baby's doctor often during you...

Medical Care and Your 1- to 3-Month-Old

Medically reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD During these early months, you might have many...

Medical Care and Your 4- to 7-Month-Old

Medically reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD Well-Child and Other Visits Babies really beg...

Medical Care and Your 8- to 12-Month-Old

Medically reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD Well-Child and Other Visits As your baby beco...

Medical Care and Your 1- to 2-Year-Old

Medically reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD Well-Child Visits The toddler months can brin...

Medical Care and Your 2- to 3-Year-Old

Medically reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD Well-Child Visits Regular well-child checkups...

Medical Care and Your 4- to 5-Year-Old

Medically reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD Well-Child Visits Regular well-child checkups...

Medical Care and Your 6- to 12-Year-Old

Medically reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD Well-Child Visits Regular well-child checkups...

Medical Care and Your 13- to 18-Year-Old

Medically reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD By meeting yearly with your teen, their doctor...

Occupational Therapy

Medically reviewed by: Timothy Finlan, MSM, MHS, OTR/L What Is Occupational Therapy? Occupation...

Physical Therapy

Medically reviewed by: Maureen Donohoe, PT, DPT, PCS What Is Physical Therapy? Doctors often re...

Preventing Caregiver Burnout

Medically reviewed by: Nicole A. Kahhan, PhD Caregiver burnout is a real thing — it’s when you f...

School-Based Health Centers

Medically reviewed by: Yamini Durani, MD Getting health care for your child can be complicated. ...

Speech-Language Therapy

Medically reviewed by: Julia K. Hartnett, MS, CCC-SLP What Is Speech-Language Therapy? Speech-l...

Teaching Your Child How to Swallow Pills

Medically reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD Why Should Kids Learn How to Swallow a Pill? ...

Vaccine Schedule: Vaccines for Children by Age

Medically reviewed by: Larissa Hirsch, MD What Is a Vaccine Schedule? One way to help protect y...

Well-Child Visit: Newborn

Medically reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD What to Expect In the hospital, the doctor an...

Well-Child Visit: 3-5 Days

Medically reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD What to Expect During This Visit The doctor a...

Well-Child Visit: 1 Month

Medically reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD What to Expect During This Visit Your doctor ...

Well-Child Visit: 2 Months

Medically reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD What to Expect During This Visit Your doctor ...